面向未來，創(chuàng)新在我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)全局中處于核心地位。推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是實(shí)現(xiàn)高水平的科技自立自強(qiáng)。

今年的《政府工作報(bào)告》有哪些科技創(chuàng)新關(guān)鍵詞？

關(guān)鍵詞一：基礎(chǔ)研究 basic research

困擾中國(guó)科技發(fā)展的“卡脖子”之痛，根在基礎(chǔ)。《政府工作報(bào)告》提出：

基礎(chǔ)研究是科技創(chuàng)新的源頭,要健全穩(wěn)定支持機(jī)制,大幅增加投入,中央本級(jí)基礎(chǔ)研究支出增長(zhǎng)10.6%,落實(shí)擴(kuò)大經(jīng)費(fèi)使用自主權(quán)政策。
Basic research is the wellspring of scientific and technological innovation. So we will ensure the stable functioning of funding mechanisms for basic research and boost spending in this area by a considerable sum. Central government expenditures on basic research will increase by 10.6 percent.Research institutes will have more say about how funds should be used.

關(guān)鍵詞二：戰(zhàn)略科技力量 strategic scientific and technological strength

國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略科技力量代表了國(guó)家科技創(chuàng)新的最高水平。《政府工作報(bào)告》提出：

強(qiáng)化國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略科技力量,推進(jìn)國(guó)家實(shí)驗(yàn)室建設(shè)，完善科技項(xiàng)目和創(chuàng)新基地布局。實(shí)施好關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)工程，深入謀劃推進(jìn)“科技創(chuàng)新2030—重大項(xiàng)目”。
We will improve our strategic scientific and technological strength. The building of national laboratories will continue, and the layout of science and technology programs and innovation centers will be improved. We will ensure the success of projects launched to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields, further plan and implement the Sci-Tech Innovation 2030 Agenda.

關(guān)鍵詞三：人才創(chuàng)新活力 the creativity of talent

受制于壓任務(wù)、定指標(biāo)、求數(shù)量等一些科研評(píng)價(jià)傾向，不少科技人員表示“壓力山大”。《政府工作報(bào)告》提出：

完善項(xiàng)目評(píng)審和人才評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制，切實(shí)減輕科研人員不合理負(fù)擔(dān)，使他們能夠沉下心來致力科學(xué)探索，以“十年磨一劍”精神在關(guān)鍵核心領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)重大突破。
The mechanisms for assessing projects and evaluating personnel will be refined. These actions will help relieve researchers of undue burdens and enable them to fully devote their time and energy to making scientific explorations and major breakthroughs in key technologies, just as a blacksmith in the past would spend years forging the perfect sword.

關(guān)鍵詞四：揭榜掛帥 the open competition mechanism to select the best candidates

《政府工作報(bào)告》提出，2021年要改革科技重大專項(xiàng)實(shí)施方式：

改革科技重大專項(xiàng)實(shí)施方式，推廣“揭榜掛帥”等機(jī)制。支持有條件的地方建設(shè)國(guó)際和區(qū)域科技創(chuàng)新中心，增強(qiáng)國(guó)家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)等帶動(dòng)作用。
We will reform the way that major science and technology programs are implemented, and extend mechanisms, such as the open competition mechanism to select the best candidates to undertake key research projects, to more areas. We support localities with requisite conditions to develop international and regional centers for science and technology innovation, and better leverage the guiding role of institutions such as national innovation demonstration zones.

關(guān)鍵詞五：企業(yè)創(chuàng)新主體 the principal role of enterprises in innovation

面對(duì)新一輪科技革命浪潮，如果僅靠“一招鮮”，很難“吃遍天”。《政府工作報(bào)告》提出：

運(yùn)用市場(chǎng)化機(jī)制激勵(lì)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新。強(qiáng)化企業(yè)創(chuàng)新主體地位，鼓勵(lì)領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)組建創(chuàng)新聯(lián)合體，拓展產(chǎn)學(xué)研用融合通道，健全科技成果產(chǎn)權(quán)激勵(lì)機(jī)制。
We will leverage market forces to encourage enterprises to engage in innovation. We will boost the principal role of enterprises in innovation, and encourage leading enterprises to establish innovation consortia. We will expand the channels that bring together enterprises, universities, research institutes and end-users, and refine the equity-based incentive mechanisms for scientific and technological advances.

完善創(chuàng)業(yè)投資監(jiān)管體制和發(fā)展政策，縱深推進(jìn)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)萬眾創(chuàng)新。延續(xù)執(zhí)行企業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除75%政策,將制造業(yè)企業(yè)加計(jì)扣除比例提高到100%，用稅收優(yōu)惠機(jī)制激勵(lì)企業(yè)加大研發(fā)投入，著力推動(dòng)企業(yè)以創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)發(fā)展。
We will improve the regulatory system and development policies for venture capital, and further promote business startups and innovation initiatives. We will continue to implement the policy of granting an extra tax deduction of 75 percent on enterprises' R&D costs, and we will raise this to 100 percent for manufacturing enterprises. By employing such mechanisms for preferential tax treatment, we can encourage enterprises to increase R&D spending and pursue innovation-driven development.

參考來源：新華網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen）