水利部發布汛情通報，8月6日將針對內蒙古、吉林、黑龍江的洪水防御應急響應提升至Ⅲ級。
China's Ministry of Water Resources on Sunday updated the flood response level in north China's Inner Mongolia and northeast China's Jilin and Heilongjiang.The emergency response was raised to Level III.
【知識點】
受8月2日以來強降雨影響，松花江干流右岸支流拉林河、牡丹江上游相繼出現超警以上洪水。預計拉林河、牡丹江下游干流將相繼發生超保洪水，其中拉林河下游干流控制站蔡家溝水文站可能于8日前后出現6300立方米每秒左右的洪峰流量，洪峰水位可能超過保證水位2.10米左右；牡丹江下游干流控制站長江屯水文站可能于7日前后出現7500立方米每秒左右的洪峰流量，洪峰水位可能超過保證水位0.80米左右。
水利部根據《水利部水旱災害防御應急響應工作規程》，決定8月6日10時將針對內蒙古、吉林、黑龍江的洪水防御應急響應提升至Ⅲ級，要求有關省區密切監視天氣變化，滾動開展雨水情預測預報，強化會商研判，科學實施水工程防洪調度，充分運用水庫攔洪削峰錯峰，加強堤防巡查搶護，抓好水庫安全度汛、中小河流洪水和山洪災害防御，確保人民群眾生命財產安全。
根據《水利部水旱災害防御應急響應工作規程》，依據預報可能發生或已經發生的水旱災害性質、嚴重程度、可控性和發展程度、發展趨勢、影響范圍等因素，水利部水旱災害防御應急響應分洪水防御、干旱防御兩種類型，啟動和終止時針對具體流域和區域，級別分別從低到高分為四級：Ⅳ級、Ⅲ級、Ⅱ級和Ⅰ級。特殊情況下，可根據雨情、水情、汛情、旱情、工情、險情及次生災害危害程度等綜合研判，適當調整應急響應級別。水利部啟動洪水、干旱防御應急響應時，相關流域管理機構和地方水行政主管部門應及時啟動相應等級應急響應，共同做好防御工作。
【重要講話】
當前正值“七下八上”防汛關鍵期，各地區和有關部門務必高度重視、壓實責任，強化監測預報預警，加強巡查值守，緊盯防汛重點部位，落實落細各項防汛措施，全力保障人民群眾生命財產安全和社會大局穩定。
Relevant authorities must strengthen early warning and monitoring systems for floods, focus on crucial flood prevention locations, and fully implement flood prevention measures during the key period from late July to early August.The safety of the people's lives and properties as well as social stability must be ensured with utmost efforts.
——8月1日，習近平對防汛救災工作作出重要指示
8月仍是北方地區防汛關鍵期。各級黨委和政府要堅持人民至上、生命至上，加強汛情監測，及時排查風險隱患，抓細抓實各項防汛救災措施，妥善安置受災群眾，確保人民群眾生命安全。要做好災后恢復重建規劃，幫助受災群眾盡早恢復正常生產生活。要健全體制機制，完善應對預案，加強對極端天氣的預警和防范，提高洪澇地質災害防御和應急搶險救援能力。
August remains a key month for the North to prevent floods. Party committees and governments at all levels must continue putting people and their lives above anything else. They should enhance flood monitoring, ferret out and address risks and vulnerabilities in a timely manner, and make detailed and tangible efforts in carrying out flood control and disaster relief measures. And they should make appropriate arrangements for those affected to ensure their safety. It is important to devise proper plans for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction to help people restore their production and lives at an early date. It is also important to improve current mechanisms and institutions, better response plans, strengthen early warning and prevention of extreme weather conditions, and boost the capabilities of preventing and fending off floods and geological disasters, as well as capabilities for emergency rescue and disaster relief.
——2022年8月16日，習近平在遼寧考察時強調
【相關詞匯】
防汛救災 flood prevention and disaster relief
極端天氣 extreme weather conditions
洪峰流量 peak flood discharges
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